一类负模量Kirchhoff - Carrier方程的解

利用变分方法和反证法研究了一类含有非线性项的Kirchhoff - Carrier方程,证明了当0<λ1时,该方程至少存在一对非平凡解,且当λ≥a λ₁时该方程不存在同号解.     

Characterization of wet microalgal cells pretreated with steam for lipid extraction

Steam pretreatment was employed to disrupt microalgal cells for lipids extraction.Effects of steam pre-treatment on microstructure of microalgal cells were investigated through scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Effect of treatment on lipid extraction was also stud-ied.Microalgal cell walls were distorted after steam pretreatment due to the hydrolysis of organic macro-molecules contained in cell wall.Maximum curvature was increased from 1.88 × 10-6 m-1 to 1.43 × 10-7 m-1 after treatment with the steam at 130 ℃.The fractal dimension of microalgal cells increased from 1.25 to 1.30 after pretreatment for 15 min,and further increased to 1.47 when the pre-treatment time was increased to 60 min.Increased steam pretreatment temperature and time enhanced the hydrolysis of organic macromolecules,and finally destroyed microalgal cell walls at pretreatment temperature of 130 ℃ and pretreatment time of 60 min.Lipid extracted from wet microalgal was signif-icantly increased (2.1-fold) after pretreatment.     

掺杂对PZT压电陶瓷的影响及研究进展

在介绍掺杂PZT压电陶瓷材料制备的基础上,总结出生产掺杂PZT材料的最佳掺杂条件,以及配方对压电陶瓷性能的影响,只要工艺合适,性能完全能再提高,对压电陶瓷材料的发展趋势进行了展望。     

堆存温度对半水磷石膏胶凝性能影响

半水磷石膏（HPG）长时间堆存状态下会出现固结现象,其胶凝性能也相应下降。以室内HPG结晶水检测和单轴压缩试验为基础,通过设定4种不同堆存温度,分别为20,40,60和80 ℃,探究不同堆存温度作用下HPG试样结晶水质量分数变化和堆存后制备的充填胶凝材料（HCM）抗压强度发展规律,并采用扫描电镜等微观分析手段研究堆存温度对其强度影响机制。结果表明,堆存温度对HPG胶凝性能影响显著,高的堆存温度会加快HPG试样中的自由水转变为结晶水速率,而且会抑制堆存后制备的HCM强度发展。采用数据标准化对不同堆存温度作用后的试样抗压强度作出预测,被证实与实测值较吻合。微观分析发现,堆存温度主要影响体系的过饱和度,而使不同堆存温度作用后制备的HCM微观形态表现差异。      

Preparation of M/Ce1–xTixO2 (M=Pt,Rh, Ru) from sol-gel method and their catalytic oxidation activity for diesel soot

A series of Ce_1–xTi_xO₂ mixed oxide catalysts were synthesized by sol-gel method and then loading of noble metal (M = Pt, Rh, Ru) was used for soot oxidation. Ti-doped Ce_1–xTi_xO₂ catalysts (x is the molar ratio of Ti/(Ti + Ce) and ranges from 0.1 to 0.5) exhibit much better oxidation performance than CeO₂ catalyst, and the Ce_0.9Ti_0.1O₂ catalyst calcined at 500 °C has the best catalysis activity. Each noble metal (1 wt%) was supported on Ce_0.9Ti_0.1O₂ (M/C9T1) and the properties of the catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method, and H₂-temperature programmed reduction (H₂-TPR) results. Results show that the introduction of Ti into CeO₂ forming Ti-O-Ce structure enhances the catalytic activity and increases the number of oxygen vacancies at the catalyst surface. The noble metal is highly dispersed over Ce_0.9Ti_0.1O₂, and M/C9T1 catalysts present enhanced activity in comparison to Ce_0.9Ti_0.1O₂. It is found that noble metals can greatly increase the activity of the catalyst and the corresponding oxidation rate of soot can enhance the electron transfer capacity and oxygen adsorption capacity of the catalyst. A small amount of Ti doping in CeO₂ can significantly improve the activity of the catalyst, while a large amount of Ti reduces the performance of the catalyst because a large amount of Ti is enriched on the surface of the catalyst, which hinders the contact and reaction between the catalyst and the soot.     

Relaxor behavior and superior ferroelectricity of Y2O3-doped (Ba0.98Ca0.02) (Ti0.94Sn0.04Zr0.02)O3 lead-free ceramics

To upgrade the electric properties of lead-free piezoceramics, (1–x)(Ba_0.98Ca_0.02Ti_0.94Sn_0.04Zr_0.02)O₃-xY₂O₃ (abbreviated as (1–x)BCTSZ-xY, x = 0 mol%, 0.02 mol%, 0.04 mol%, 0.06 mol%, 0.08 mol% and 0.1 mol%) ceramics were successfully synthesized by traditional solid-state sintering method. The phase structure and microstructure of ceramics were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and piezoresponse force microscopyeramics (PFM). The electric properties of ceramics were researched through piezoelectric, dielectric and ferroelectric test instruments. The results show that all samples have pure perovskite structure and favorable electric properties. The optimal electric properties which especially include superior ferroelectric properties are gained when Y₂O₃ content is 0.06 mol% (d₃₃ = 419 pC/N, k_p = 52%, T_c = 89.5 °C, ε_r = 26900, tanδ = 2.86%, P_r = 14.41 μC/cm², E_c = 1.8 kV/cm). Moreover, the temperature-dependent dielectricity of samples shows apparent relaxor behavior under different frequencies. The Curie–Weiss law further proves that all samples are typical relaxor ferroelectrics, and the relaxor degree of samples decreases with increase of Y₂O₃ content. In conclusion, Y₂O₃ plays a significant role in enhancing electric properties of BCTSZ ceramics.     

荧光光谱法研究茶碱与血红蛋白的相互作用

运用荧光光谱法研究了茶碱与牛血红蛋白(BHb)的相互作用,茶碱对牛血红蛋白的荧光猝灭过程主要为静态猝灭。测定了不同温度下该反应的结合常数、结合位点数及结合热力学参数,热力学参数的变化,表明上述作用过程是一个熵增加、自由能降低的自发分子间作用过程,而且是以疏水作用为主。用同步荧光技术考察了茶碱对BHb构象的影响。     

基于变速积分PID的恒温控制系统的应用研究

在多个领域都会用到恒温控制系统,设计一种基于变速积分PID的恒温控制系统,系统以STM32为核心处理器。该文讲述了系统的构成,分析了变速积分PID算法,并在恒温控制系统中得到运用。经过长时间的调试,得到合适的PID系数,使得系统的控制精度达到＆#177;0.01℃/30min。系统具有性能稳定,可靠性高的优点。     

基于量子模距离的说话人识别方法

概率测度和距离测度是模式识别最基本的两种测度,矢量量化算法是典型的基于距离测度的模式识别算法。根据量子模距离测度理论,在矢量量化算法的基础上,探索一种基于量子模距离的说话人识别方法。该方法针对说话人语音的时变性、随机性、特征维数较高等特点,将一帧语音信号视为一个量子态,并根据量子测量理论,对量子态之间进行模距离测量,从而对量子态进行有效的分类和聚类。研究表明该方法能有效地降低语音信号处理的复杂度。在经典计算机上的仿真表明,该方法在运行时间上略优于矢量量化算法,在识别率上明显优于矢量量化算法,为说话人识别的理论研究提供了新的途径。     

PLC与组态王十字路口交通灯控制系统设计

使用欧姆龙PLC控制器设计十字路口交通灯控制系统。在设计硬件接线图与软件功能图的基础上,编写出相应的梯形图程序．采用CX—Programmer软件和Kingview 6．53组态软件进行模拟仿真。实验结果表明,该交通灯控制系统界面友好。运行正常,具有较好的控制效果。